The driver is a circular element, and people often confuse it with actual speakers, even if they are not. Drives sometimes look like horns, cones, domes, or even ribbons. The driver cone of the loudspeaker is usually made of metal, plastic or paper. Then, this material works by moving back and forth to change the air pressure. Air pressure is a sound wave, which reaches a person’s eardrum and makes it hear the sound
Different types of drivers
There are different types of drives responsible for different frequencies. Electric drivers will work best within a limited frequency range, and multiple drivers are usually combined to form a complete speaker system to provide performance beyond these limits. The details of all these drivers are listed below.
1. Full range of drivers
The driver can be used alone in order to recreate the audio channel, and there is no need for the help of other drivers. Therefore, it needs to completely cover the audio range. This type of driver is small, usually about 7.6-20.3 cm (3-8 inches) in diameter, so it can achieve a reasonable high-frequency response. Full-range drivers are commonly found in televisions, public address systems, walkie-talkies, and small receivers.
Sound machine, some computer speakers, etc.
2. Mid-range drivers
This speaker driver can reproduce different frequency bands usually between 1 and 6 kHz; therefore, it is called "mid frequency", which means between the woofer and the tweeter. Vibration of the midrange unit
The membrane is made of composite material or paper. They can also be direct radiation drivers, similar to smaller woofers. Alternatively, they can also be compression drivers, similar to some tweeter designs. In addition, the midrange driver as a direct radiator can be fixed on the front baffle of the speaker housing. In the case of a compression driver, it can be fixed on the throat of the speaker to add more output level and radiation pattern control.
3. Low frequency driver (subwoofer and subwoofer)
The frequencies generated by these drivers are in the lower range. Low frequency drivers are called woofers and subwoofers. These drivers use low-frequency waves to make a "whee" sound compared to the bird's "call" that usually occupies the top position of the audio spectrum, so their name comes from the dog's bark.
When it comes to the difference between a subwoofer and a subwoofer, it is their different frequency ranges. When talking about their frequency range, woofers usually work in the 40-500 Hz range, while subwoofers occupy frequencies below 100 Hz. In addition, most consumer speakers usually combine a woofer and a subwoofer into one speaker. However, when improving sound fidelity, the two speakers are separated in terms of cleaner, cleaner, and more refined sound at low frequencies.
4. Tweeter
This driver is called a high-frequency driver and is responsible for reproducing the highest frequency in the speaker system. On the other hand, there is a problem with the design of the tweeter. It is difficult to achieve wide-angle sound coverage, because when it comes to high-frequency sound, the speaker is usually left in a narrow wave. shape. In addition, tweeters with soft dome can be seen in home stereo systems, and it is not uncommon to find compression drivers with speakers in professional sound reinforcement. In addition, in recent years, ribbon tweeters have become very popular because the output power of certain designs has been increased to reach a level useful for professional sound reinforcement. In addition, their output mode becomes wider in the horizontal plane, which is a convenient mode for concert sound.
5. Coaxial driver
This type of driver is called a speaker driver, and it has two or more concentric drivers combined. These types of drives are produced by multiple companies, such as Pioneer.
Tannoy, Altec, Genelec, B&C Speakers, Cabasse, SEAS, KEF, BMS, etc.
in conclusion
In fact, drivers come in different shapes and sizes. However, in general, larger drivers are usually designed for lower frequencies, and vice versa. This is because higher frequencies require sound waves near high and low pressure points. Therefore, the size of the driver cone needs to be smaller so that it can easily move back and forth to keep up. Drives with smaller dimensions will find it more difficult to handle lower frequencies. This is because lower frequencies move back and forth much slower than higher frequencies.